Cub scouts are the ages between 7-9 years old. Their group is called a pack. The cub scout pack is led by an akela. The akela is an adult or a rover-aged scout who is trained for the task. As an akela your mission is to answer for the pack’s actions and safety, and to act as an example for the cub scouts.
The cub scout programme consists of “paw marks”. In the activities for cub scouts you don’t need to grit your teeth or fine-tune your competition kit, but enjoy the beginning adventure. Games and tales have an essential role in the cub scout world. By playing you learn how to work together and learn new skills. In addition to the weekly pack-evenings the cub scouts meet up for trips and other scout-events, like summer camps and skills competitions.
In the cub scout programme you do a diverse activities both inside and outside, at the meeting place and on trips. The important thing is that the cub scouts get to do things themselves. It’s worthwhile for the akela to pay attention to learning by doing and teaching by playing. A child in the age of a cub scout is still close to his/her home and family, so the first trips and detachments from the familiar environment also offer the akela challenges and possibilities to learn.
Adult
A scout over 22 years
Akela
The age section responsible leader or leader of a cub pack, who’s an adult or rover-aged person trained for the task. Usually a pack has two akelas, one of which can be an (untrained) adult, rover och explorer.
Step
An activity; some of the steps of a paw mark (an activity entity) are obligatory and some are optional.
Detached pack
The pack consists only of girls or boys.
Age section responsible
The akela responsible for the cub scout programme and the leaders for the whole age section. The age section responsible can also function as a support for the akela, if the akela is part of another age section (rover och explorer).
Paw mark (jälki)
A paw mark is an activity entity consisting of 6-12 steps around a theme, for example the first aid paw mark or the orienteerer paw mark.
Paw mark badge
A fabric badge that the cub scout gets when all the required steps for a paw mark are taken. Attached to the right sleeve.
Scout hut (kolo)
The place for the weekly meetings.
Scout hut evening
= cub scout meeting = meeting = pack-evening
Kuksa is the national organization’s membership register, through which you sign up for most scout events and where completed activities can be marked, like on an activity chart.
Pack
The cub scout group.
Adult support (luotsi)
The age section leader (adult, over 22 years) for trackers, explorers or rovers. Can work as a support for the akela, if the akela belongs to one of the two oldest age sections (explorer or rover).
Sixer (nokkapentu)
A cub scout with position of responsibility.
Tube pack
A pack where new cub scouts join every year. The pack consists of children of different ages.
Conclusion badge
A metallic badge in the shape of a paw, awarded at the end of the cub scout programme. Carried on the left pocket of uniform throughout all the age sections.
Explorer
15-17-year old scout.
Adventurer
10-12-year old scout.
Promotion
The term promotion is used for promoting someone from one age section to another. It’s good if the local group creates and/or maintains traditions on how you leave the old age section and promote you to be a worthy member of the new age section.
Sibling circle / brother circle / sister circle
A circle where you hold hands so that the arms are crossed in front of each person, with the left arm on top. The circle is formed at the end of every scout event.
Accessible scouting (sisupartio)
Scouting activities that are suitable for people with sensory, physical or intellectual disabilities.
The cub scout handbook
The cub scouts’ book, where the completed activities are marked. Includes also instructions, hints and tasks for cub scouts.
Cub scout
7–9-year old scout.
Tracker
12-15-year old scout.
Implementation hint
With every activity, examples are given on how to implement the activity. With some activities it’s enough to do one of the suggested activities, with other activities it’s a good idea to try out more than one of the implementation hints.
Rover
18–22-year old scout.
Joint pack
The pack consists of both girls and boys.
Unified pack
A pack consisting of cub scouts that are all the same age.
Despite individual differences, every child follows certain developmental steps. Climbing these steps takes a variable amount of time, and therefore there can be remarkable differences in the cub scouts’ physical and mental development. However, one of the special ideas of scouting is that even someone little knows a lot and can do an increasing number of things. In this, scouting differs from many clubs: in scouting, we try to give also the smallest cub scouts responsibility for themselves. Even a 7-year old can go on overnight excursions and make a sausage stick with a knife without their parents’ supervision. Scouting is not meant to be like a club where you play and make handicrafts. On the other hand the activities must not be too demanding – the small cub scouts need care in addition to right-sized challenges.
For a child in the cub scout section it’s important to
Physical and social development
In the age 7-9-years, a child’s ability to take part in group activities develops remarkably. For the akela this means that every cub scout needs to be taken into account equally. The akela’s task is to make sure every cub scout is seen and listened to. Nobody is disregarded, every cub scout has to feel accepted as a member of the group. Especially new cub scouts need to be able to feel at home in the pack, so they can experience positive feelings, joy and acceptance.
Cub scouts are bursting with energy and the want to move. Everything needs to be explored and analyzed. By trying, asking, smelling and tasting the child expands her/his conception of the world. The akela should encourage the cub scouts to make observations on their own. Completing suitable tasks inspires the child and creates experiences of success. It’s important for the child to be thanked and praised. The akela makes sure that every cub gets her/his share of encouragement and positive feelings about herself/himself. The akela’s task is to create a permissive learning atmosphere and to encourage the cubs with the increasing challenges.
The playing child
In a way, playing is the work of a child’. Children in the cub scout section still use a lot of their time playing. All children enjoy games and exciting imaginary worlds. Imagination and play are the spice of a cub scout’s life. Games with rules are important for cub scouts, but losing can still be difficult. The akela’s task as the game leader is to explain the rules clearly and teach the cub scouts to lose fairly.
It’s useful for the akela to put imagination to good use also in the pack. It’s quite easy to get cub scouts absorbed in a story, as long as the akela is enthusiastic. However, the akela needs to remind the cubs from time to time of what’s real and what’s imaginary. Even though most cub scouts understand the difference between fact and fiction, for some children the border might still be vague, and they need an adult’s support to understand the difference and to strengthen truthful notions.
Safety
Above all a child in the cub scout section needs safety. At the age of a cub scout, most children are used to being apart from their parents during daytime, but separation from them for a night can be a big thing. Even everyday things may be frightening. For example, darkness can give wings to the imagination on an excursion. The akela can discuss different kinds of fear with the cub scouts. You can also practice facing your fears, for example with different kinds of role games. It’s easier to prevent fears in a pack if the atmosphere is good. There are many different kinds of fears. Even the smallest fear shouldn’t be underestimated. In the child’s world they are very real. It’s good to discuss a cub scout’s fears as soon as they appear. From the akela, it takes skills to identify and tackle these situations at a time they are important to the cub scouts.
Handling fears in a cub scout pack requires that the akela knows the cubs well and that amongst the pack there is a positive, trusting spirit. Acting out imagined or real situations, maybe precluded by a story, can be a good way to delve deeper and find good, practical solutions.
Physical development
The differences among school-age children can be astounding. There is variation in height and weight as well as skills and abilities. It is therefore necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of each child and adjust the activities accordingly. Cub scouts are usually active and eager to engage in physical activities. Coordination and physical skills improve gradually. Experiencing success and learning new skills improve a child’s self-esteem. The task of the akela is to make sure everyone achieves these goals. The akela must, however, also take into account that a child can be reckless. The child might not see the danger, so the akela must prepare a safe adventure.
There can also be differences in motoric skills. One child can easily thread a needle, while to another the task is overwhelming. Manual dexterity can be practiced by crafting, drawing and writing. Children usually learn to read and write not later than in second grade, which should be taken into account especially when planning instructions and activities for younger cub scouts.
On excursions, it is essential to make sure cub scouts sleep and eat enough to maintain a feeling of security. To have enough energy for the next day’s activities, cub scouts need 10 hours of sleep per day, on average. With cub scouts you should prepare for all kinds of situations; for example bedwetting is not unheard of among small cub scouts. The akela must deal with these situations discreetly and make sure the cub scout is not subjected to shame.
Different ages of cub scouts
Novice cub scout
The youngest cub scouts adhere to rules, and the word of an adult is law. The rules at this stage must be very clear and concrete, for example “shoes are always taken off at the meeting place” and “no running in the hallway”. A leader is a role model and an adult idol. The attention of an adult is important to cub scouts, and they usually don’t protest against the authority of a leader. Especially young cub scouts often want to do the same thing their idol is doing. They are also constantly seeking his/her approval. Also things taught in school are considered new and important. It’s not uncommon to hear a cub scout say “Our teacher said that…” to justify a point. The akela should therefore discuss the differences between school and scouting with the cub scouts. For example some rules may be different at school.
A more experienced cub scout
As they grow, cub scouts gradually start to find their place in the pack and focus their attention more on the outside world. They are experiencing a period of growing self-reliance, where the importance of home is decreased and personal relationships outside home become increasingly important. The opinions, thanks and favour of other cub scouts are more important than before. In scouting, exciting things and experiences are increasingly important. Teamwork skills are improved. The cub scout can prioritize the common good over his/her own. This can mean a stronger pack spirit but also the formation of cliques.
The akela should make sure no one is left outside the group. At this stage, at the latest, the cub scouts start to notice differences between individuals, and it is therefore important to create an open atmosphere in the pack. An older cub scout is more self-assured and wants to test his/her skills – in a safe way in a familiar environment. Even though a cub scout may be confident and independent and try his/her limits, the akela is still an authority and rules are important.
Outwards a cub scout may present the image of a big boy or girl, but under the surface, for a long time still, there is a small child that can easily break out in tears if something happens. Towards the adventurer age, the cub becomes more mature and balanced, and they also have better physical control of themselves. An older cub scout preparing for the adventurer stage can be given tasks with more responsibility. The role of the akela is to guide and support with this.
Scouting is by nature educational, and the aim is to support the growth of children and youth, taking into consideration their individual characteristics. The objective is a responsible and active member of the local, national and international community, with a well-balanced personality and lifestyle, who can think for him-/herself.
In addition to the general educational goals, specific goals have been set for each age section. They define how the educational goals are represented in each age section and describe the target level to achieve during participation in the age section activities. The akela should familiarize him-/herself with these goals to be able to plan for the cub scouts a scouting path leading in the right direction.
At the start of the scouting path, the cub scouts learn diverse skills related to self, others and the world. In essence, the aim of the cub scout age section is to learn through diverse activities, led by an adult, to act in a group, for the group. This means that the cub scouts can practice and learn by doing, but supervised by a safe adult.
Since the programme is based on the educational goals, among other things, many activities guide towards achieving these goals. The activity packs (paw marks) are divided into four categories according to the educational goals: relationship with self, relationship with others, relationship with the community and relationship with nature. Every year the cub scouts should complete at least one paw mark in each category. The task of the akela is then to make sure that in addition to the activities, the cub scouts are given the opportunity to achieve the educational goals.
Summary of educational goals for the cub scout section
The age section specific educational goals define what the general educational goals mean in the cub scout age section. They describe the target level to achieve by the end of the section. The age section specific educational goals mark the path to achieve the educational goals for the age sections as a continuum. They describe the growth challenge of the cub scout age section and how scouting can help tackle this challenge. The educational goals are a cornerstone on which the scouting programme is built. Some educational goals are met through specific activities, others can be seen in more general approaches like acting in a group or in different environments.
Relationship with self
Life management – health, safety, time, commitments |
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Self-knowledge and personal development |
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World view |
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Relationship with others
Valuing humanity |
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Fairness |
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Relationship with the community
Mastering organized cooperation |
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”Belonging”, commitment |
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Relationship with the environment
Relationship with nature |
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Responsibility for the living environment |
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